Violence, states of emergency and social (dis-)order –in her work, historian Gabriele Metzler deals with the disintegration of order. She examines the circumstances under which violence arises, how it spreads and develops its own dynamic, and how it can shape social orders. The disintegration of order is accompanied by the question of the actors involved – states are no longer the only entities acting in spaces of violence. Gabriele Metzler researches and teaches at the Humboldt University of Berlin with a focus on the history of violence as well as on the transformation of the state in Western Europe and the USA.