Born the son of a bricklayer on 18 March 1813 in Wesselburen (Dithmarschen). Childhood in poverty. Apprenticed later to a mason and scribe. Self-taught. 1836-1839 studies in Hamburg and Munich in extremely poor conditions. 1842-43 scholarship for studies in Copenhagen. 1843-44 Paris; met Heine there. In Vienna since 1845. 1849 editor for the feature pages. Hebbel died on 13 December 1863 in Vienna.